我们安装linux的时候,一般都是从光盘启动,然后使用安装向导从光盘上安装,事实上linux提供了多种安装方式,常见的有从光盘安装、从硬盘安装、还有就是从网络安装,从网络安装包括从FTP服务器、NFS服务器等方式,用得最多的就是FTP和NFS的网络安装方式了。
相信朋友们都从光盘上安装过很多次linux了吧,但是从网络上安装linux却并非都试过,如果我们要对机房的一批机器安装Linux,而手边又没有足够的安装光盘时,从网络安装就显得很方便快捷了!下面就来给各位朋友讲讲Michael从NFS服务器上安装redHat Linux 7.2的经历。
这回Michael选择这种方式也是迫不得已,Michael手里只有一张从中关村买的红帽7.2光盘,结果光盘给划伤了,总是在拷贝文件的时候出错失败,屡试不爽!于是没有办法,正巧旁边的服务器上有以前的7.2两张光盘的拷贝,便开始尝试从来没有试过的网络安装,从开始尝试到安装成功,Michael历时两个下午才成功,由于是第一次安装,总是遇到这样那样的问题,最后仔细阅读了www.redhat.com上的文档才搞定,下面Michael就不描述中间的失败经历了,仅仅告诉大家成功安装的过程!^_^
一、准备nfs服务器
1、拷贝redhat linux7.2的文件到服务器上一个目录(如/home/cdrom),先插入第一张光盘,执行以下命令:
#mount /mnt/cdrom
#cp -var /mnt/cdrom/ /home/cdrom(这里的/home/cdrom是你自己随便指定的位置
#eject cdrom
插入第二张光盘到光驱,继续执行以下命令
#mount /mnt/cdrom
#cp -var /mnt/cdrom/RedHat/RPMS/*.rpm /home/cdrom/RedHat/RPMS/
#eject cdrom
完成文件拷贝
2、配置nfs服务器
通过配置/etc/exports文件,并运行/usr/sbin/exportfs和/etc/init.d/nfs两个命令来启动nfs服务器,并允许要安装linux的那台机器ip地址可访问存放linux安装文件的/home/cdrom目录
具体的nfs配置请参见相关文档,如果有问题也可以和Michael联系
二、开始安装
1、从光盘或者软盘启动安装向导(注意,如果从软盘启动,需要更多的网卡驱动和scsi设备驱动,从光盘启动可以更省事),当进入安装的第一界面,就是选择安装方式的时候,输入expert,也就是专家安装方式
2、连接nfs服务器
a、在输入expert后的安装向导中,选择相应的键盘方式、语言信息后,进入到选择安装介质存在位置时,选择 NFS image方式
b、输入本机将使用的ip地址和相关网络配置信息
c、接下来的界面要求输入nfs服务器信息,请输入刚才配置好的nfs服务器ip地址,在目录中输入/home/cdrom
d、如果没有问题将成功连接并开始接下来的安装向导,以下就是大家熟悉的安装过程了,Michael就不多说了!
好了,安装过程中最关键的是nfs服务器的配置部分,这次Michael把这部分省略了,主要是考虑到本文主要是告诉大家一种安装的思路和方法,对于nfs的细节配置,欢迎有问题的朋友和Michael联系交流。
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